How Does Friction Work

Introduction on how does friction work

Friction, simply put, is an opposing force. Whenever there is some motion, there is a force that opposes that motion; acts against that motion. Thus, motion and friction are two physical forces that reside together. The cause of friction is the lack of complete smoothness between two surfaces. There cannot be two surfaces that are so smooth that zero friction force will exist in between them. This is due to the nature of matter itself; wherever there is interaction between two surfaces, there will be friction between them.

Zero friction can only exist in space, and specifically in vacuum, where there is no matter to offer friction. Thus, friction is an opposing force resulting from the interaction of two or more surfaces, and in the absence of matter, that is, in complete vacuum, there will exist no friction because there will be no matter to make interaction with an object.

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Explanation of how does friction work


There are two cause that cause friction between any two given surfaces. They are

Roughness of the surfaces of the bodies in contact

Even the smoothest surfaces, when observed under a microscope, will show lumps and scratches on their surfaces. When a body slides or rolls over another body, these lumps and scratches present on their surfaces interlock with each other, and thus give rise to a force that opposes the state of motion of the bodies.

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Explanation of how does friction work


Mutual attraction between molecules

The force of attraction present between molecules of different surfaces is called adhesive force. When two surfaces are in contact, the atoms and molecules of these surfaces adhere to each other at certain points thus creating an opposing force to the motion of either body.