Thursday, May 2, 2013

Respiration in Human Beings

Introduction to respiration in human beings

Respiration is the process by which diffusion of gases occur. Humans need continuous supply of oxygen for cellular respiration and need to get rid of excess carbon dioxide. Lungs are the organs of respiration in human beings and are composed of millions of tiny air sacs clustered as grapes known as alveoli.

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organs of respiration in the human beings


Nostrils-helps in breathing
Nasal cavity
Pharynx
Glottis (vocal cords)
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea (windpipe)
Bronchi-Trachea bifurcates into left and right bronchi, which enters each lung and divides further into bronchioles. Bronchioles deliver the air into alveoli.
Lungs- Lungs of human beings are packed with numerous tiny sacs called alveoli, which provide huge surface are for gaseous exchange. Air enters these structures through the system of air passages.

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Mechanism of respiration in human beings


Breathing is the mechanism by which gas is from the atmosphere enters into the human body. It divisible into two phases namely, inspiration and expiration. During inspiration, air always flows from a region of high pressure (atmosphere) to a region of lower pressure and during expiration the air from the lungs are expelled out.

Breathing is done through nostril and from nostrils the airs pass through nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, main bronchi, smaller bronchial tubules, bronchioles, and finally into a microscopic air sac called an alveolus.

The alveoli are surrounded by extensive network of blood vessels called capillaries. The exchange of oxygen in air for carbon dioxide in the blood occurs across the walls of alveolus of lungs.

This oxygenated or oxygen enriched blood then flows out through capillaries and feeds oxygen for the cells through circulatory system.

Cells present in the body tissues needs oxygen for cellular respiration and need to get rid of the carbon dioxide, so the blood is carried throughout the body exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide with the body's tissues.

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